Hello TJackson,
Thanks for reaching out to the Microsoft Community! I’m really sorry to hear you’re having trouble with your Surface. Let’s see what we can do to sort this out, Since you mention you already do some troubleshooting and tried some steps on the link you provided https://dori-uw-1.kuma-moon.com/en-us/answers/questions/2296680/surface-is-bloated-but-barely-has-anything-on-it. Did you try to Remove Previous Windows Versions? If you recently updated Windows,Open Disk Cleanup then Select “Clean up system files” then Check “Previous Windows installations” and delete them.
You can do clear windows update cache open file explorer and go to C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\Download then Delete all files inside (safe to remove)
After restarting try to recheck again the TEMP folder if everything is deleted
For reference
https://dori-uw-1.kuma-moon.com/en-us/answers/questions/2318258/surface-go-3-out-of-ssd-space
Feel free to reply for better understanding.
Warm regards,
JayMark