With Teams personal account, the call history is available from the "Meet" tab -> "Recent calls". However, this call history covers only the last month.
The same call history is also available in the Teams export file, as instructed by EmilyS_726, but also here, only the last month history is saved. In this export file, the call history is saved in in a conversation folder with a cryptic ID with name starting with "stream01". Content of this folder can be saved to a file, but this requires some 3rd party applications capably of parsing the export file.